C/2022 S4 (Lemmon)
ephemeris	date	magn	radius	delta	ra	dec	elong	phase	PA
Perihelion	18 Jul 2024	16.7	2.762 AU	2.763 AU	06h07m	-55°08'	79.3°	21.2°	205°
Nearest approach	28 Jul 2024	16.7	2.763 AU	2.751 AU	06h46m	-58°08'	80.1°	21.2°	205°
Today	6 Dec 2025	21.5	5.542 AU	6.379 AU	14h50m	-17°25'	29.3°	5.0°	285°

The interactive orbit chart above shows the comet's path through the solar system and its position at the given date. Green and blue lines are shown perpendicular to the ecliptic plane: Green if the path is above the ecliptic plane, blue if it is below. (Left-click and drag to rotate the view; Right-click and drag to move the view; Use scroll wheel to zoom in our out.)

Light curve

The light curve chart below shows the estimated development of the comet's magnitude. Blue and black dots are visual and photometric CCD observations from COBS. This lightcurve is being recalculated every 6 hours based on the available COBS/MPC observations (currently 10.1 + 5 log[∆] + 10.0 log[r]). An additional green curve is displayed when an increase in apparent brightness is expected due to forward scattering of sunlight, which occurs when a dust-rich comet is located between the Earth and the Sun. (See Marcus 2007)

Charts

The all-sky chart below shows the path of the comet over the same period as the light curve. The comet's current position is marked yellow.

The following chart shows the short-term path of the comet in a field of view that is optimized for (~10x50) binoculars and finderscopes.

Orbital elements

The orbital elements of C/2022 S4 (Lemmon) are:

    e (Eccentricity)                : 0.9980880
    q (Perihelion distance)         : 2.7617150
    i (Inclination)                 : 101.20750
    Ω (Longitude of ascending node) : 220.17960
    ω (Argument of perihelion)      : 268.56080
    L (Longitude of perihelion)     : 137.54503
    B (Latitude of perihelion)      : -78.70164
    T (Time of perihelion passage)  : 2460510.29600
    P (Orbital period in years)     : 54895.46

    Epoch                           : 2025 Dec 06
    Reference                       : MPC185657

    Classification(s):              : Nearly isotropic; Returning (a < 10000 AU); External (P > 200 years)

Ephemerides

Date       Time       RA (2000)    DEC (2000)    delta   radius  elong  phase   PA    magn
2025-12-05 00:00 UT   14 49 26.4   -17 28 48     6.382    5.527   27.6    4.7   285   21.5 
2025-12-06 00:00 UT   14 49 59.7   -17 27 19     6.381    5.535   28.5    4.9   285   21.5 
2025-12-06 22:30 UT   14 50 30.7   -17 25 53     6.379    5.542   29.3    5.0   285   21.5 
2025-12-07 00:00 UT   14 50 32.7   -17 25 48     6.379    5.542   29.4    5.0   285   21.5 
2025-12-08 00:00 UT   14 51 05.5   -17 24 15     6.378    5.549   30.3    5.1   285   21.5 
2025-12-09 00:00 UT   14 51 37.9   -17 22 40     6.376    5.557   31.2    5.3   285   21.6 
2025-12-10 00:00 UT   14 52 09.9   -17 21 04     6.374    5.564   32.1    5.4   286   21.6 
2025-12-11 00:00 UT   14 52 41.7   -17 19 27     6.371    5.571   33.0    5.5   286   21.6 
2025-12-12 00:00 UT   14 53 13.1   -17 17 47     6.369    5.579   33.9    5.6   286   21.6 
2025-12-13 00:00 UT   14 53 44.1   -17 16 05     6.366    5.586   34.8    5.8   286   21.6 
2025-12-14 00:00 UT   14 54 14.8   -17 14 22     6.363    5.593   35.7    5.9   286   21.6 
2025-12-15 00:00 UT   14 54 45.1   -17 12 36     6.360    5.600   36.6    6.0   286   21.6 
2025-12-16 00:00 UT   14 55 15.1   -17 10 49     6.356    5.608   37.5    6.1   286   21.6 

    Terminology:
            
    delta:  distance between comet and earth in AU
    radius: distance between comet and sun in AU
    magn:   magnitude (brightness) estimate    
    ra:     right ascension in hours (24h = 360deg)
    dec:    declination in degrees
    elong:  elongation in degrees (angle sun-earth-comet)    
    phase:  phase angle in degrees (angle sun-comet-earth)        
    AU:     Astronomical Unit (mean distance between earth and sun: 149597870.7 km      
    

Orbital elements usually provided by the MPC (Minor Planet Center).
Observations contributed by observers worldwide, via COBS (Comet Observation Database) or the MPC (Minor Planet Center)
Calculations by a modified version of AAPlus, a C# implementation of the AA+ project by PJ Naughter from the algorithms presented in the book "Astronomical Algorithms" by Jean Meeus.
NGC2000 dso catalog and star labels from VizieR as provided by the Strasbourg astronomical Data Center.
Tycho2 catalog from the ESO archive.