C/2019 J2 (Palomar) - DISINTEGRATED
ephemeris	date	magn	radius	delta	ra	dec	elong	phase	PA
Disintegration	6 Jul 2019	16.0	1.725 AU	1.766 AU	17h26m	+86°06'	70.8°	33.8°	158°
Nearest approach	14 Jul 2019	-	1.715 AU	1.746 AU	14h20m	+77°39'	71.3°	34.1°	106°
Perihelion	21 Jul 2019	-	1.713 AU	1.757 AU	13h59m	+70°16'	70.6°	34.0°	97°
Today	14 Oct 2025	-	17.259 AU	17.753 AU	09h57m	-50°10'	58.9°	2.8°	243°

The interactive orbit chart above shows the comet's path through the solar system and its position at the given date. Green and blue lines are shown perpendicular to the ecliptic plane: Green if the path is above the ecliptic plane, blue if it is below. (Left-click and drag to rotate the view; Right-click and drag to move the view; Use scroll wheel to zoom in our out.)

Light curve

The light curve chart below shows the estimated development of the comet's magnitude. Blue and black dots are visual and photometric CCD observations from COBS. This lightcurve is being recalculated every 6 hours based on the available COBS/MPC observations (currently 12.3 + 5 log[∆] + 10.0 log[r]). An additional green curve is displayed when an increase in apparent brightness is expected due to forward scattering of sunlight, which occurs when a dust-rich comet is located between the Earth and the Sun. (See Marcus 2007)

Charts

The all-sky chart below shows the path of the comet over the same period as the light curve. The comet's current position is marked yellow.

The following chart shows the short-term path of the comet in a field of view that is optimized for (~10x50) binoculars and finderscopes.

Orbital elements

The orbital elements of C/2019 J2 (Palomar) are:

    e (Eccentricity)                : 0.9892800
    q (Perihelion distance)         : 1.7130170
    i (Inclination)                 : 105.19800
    Ω (Longitude of ascending node) : 25.43350
    ω (Argument of perihelion)      : 98.52620
    L (Longitude of perihelion)     : 85.66961
    B (Latitude of perihelion)      : 72.62301
    T (Time of perihelion passage)  : 2458685.74590
    P (Orbital period in years)     : 2020.00

    Epoch                           : 2025 Oct 13
    Reference                       : MPEC 2021-R75

    Classification(s):              : Nearly isotropic; Returning (a < 10000 AU); External (P > 200 years)

Ephemerides

Date       Time       RA (2000)    DEC (2000)    delta   radius  elong  phase   PA    magn
2025-10-14 00:00 UT   09 57 46.7   -50 08 09    17.752   17.256   58.7    2.8   242   31.0 
2025-10-14 17:03 UT   09 57 53.1   -50 10 12    17.753   17.259   58.9    2.8   243   31.0 
2025-10-15 00:00 UT   09 57 55.7   -50 11 02    17.754   17.261   59.0    2.8   243   31.0 
2025-10-16 00:00 UT   09 58 04.4   -50 13 57    17.755   17.266   59.2    2.8   244   31.0 
2025-10-17 00:00 UT   09 58 12.8   -50 16 52    17.757   17.272   59.4    2.8   245   31.0 
2025-10-18 00:00 UT   09 58 21.0   -50 19 49    17.758   17.277   59.7    2.9   246   31.0 
2025-10-19 00:00 UT   09 58 29.0   -50 22 47    17.760   17.283   59.9    2.9   247   31.0 
2025-10-20 00:00 UT   09 58 36.6   -50 25 46    17.761   17.288   60.2    2.9   248   31.0 
2025-10-21 00:00 UT   09 58 44.0   -50 28 47    17.762   17.293   60.5    2.9   249   31.0 
2025-10-22 00:00 UT   09 58 51.1   -50 31 48    17.763   17.299   60.8    2.9   250   31.0 
2025-10-23 00:00 UT   09 58 57.9   -50 34 50    17.763   17.304   61.0    2.9   251   31.0 
2025-10-24 00:00 UT   09 59 04.4   -50 37 54    17.764   17.309   61.3    2.9   252   31.0 

    Terminology:
            
    delta:  distance between comet and earth in AU
    radius: distance between comet and sun in AU
    magn:   magnitude (brightness) estimate    
    ra:     right ascension in hours (24h = 360deg)
    dec:    declination in degrees
    elong:  elongation in degrees (angle sun-earth-comet)    
    phase:  phase angle in degrees (angle sun-comet-earth)        
    AU:     Astronomical Unit (mean distance between earth and sun: 149597870.7 km      
    

Orbital elements usually provided by the MPC (Minor Planet Center).
Observations contributed by observers worldwide, via COBS (Comet Observation Database) or the MPC (Minor Planet Center)
Calculations by a modified version of AAPlus, a C# implementation of the AA+ project by PJ Naughter from the algorithms presented in the book "Astronomical Algorithms" by Jean Meeus.
NGC2000 dso catalog and star labels from VizieR as provided by the Strasbourg astronomical Data Center.
Tycho2 catalog from the ESO archive.