C/2020 S4 (PANSTARRS)
ephemeris	date	magn	radius	delta	ra	dec	elong	phase	PA
Nearest approach	6 Feb 2023	15.0	3.374 AU	2.398 AU	09h29m	+25°12'	170.1°	2.9°	198°
Perihelion	9 Feb 2023	15.0	3.374 AU	2.400 AU	09h28m	+25°42'	168.9°	3.2°	176°
Today	1 Nov 2026	26.4	11.128 AU	11.929 AU	16h44m	-08°36'	34.7°	2.9°	77°

The interactive orbit chart above shows the comet's path through the solar system and its position at the given date. Green and blue lines are shown perpendicular to the ecliptic plane: Green if the path is above the ecliptic plane, blue if it is below. (Left-click and drag to rotate the view; Right-click and drag to move the view; Use scroll wheel to zoom in our out.)

Light curve

The light curve chart below shows the estimated development of the comet's magnitude. Blue and black dots are visual and photometric CCD observations from COBS. This lightcurve is being recalculated every 6 hours based on the available COBS/MPC observations (currently 5.1 + 5 log[∆] + 15.3 log[r]). An additional green curve is displayed when an increase in apparent brightness is expected due to forward scattering of sunlight, which occurs when a dust-rich comet is located between the Earth and the Sun. (See Marcus 2007)

Charts

The all-sky chart below shows the path of the comet over the same period as the light curve. The comet's current position is marked yellow.

The following chart shows the short-term path of the comet in a field of view that is optimized for (~10x50) binoculars and finderscopes.

Orbital elements

The orbital elements of C/2020 S4 (PANSTARRS) are:

    e (Eccentricity)                : 1.0034550
    q (Perihelion distance)         : 3.3736960
    i (Inclination)                 : 20.57180
    Ω (Longitude of ascending node) : 117.67540
    ω (Argument of perihelion)      : 21.13390
    L (Longitude of perihelion)     : 137.57052
    B (Latitude of perihelion)      : 7.27836
    T (Time of perihelion passage)  : 2459985.46340

    Epoch                           : 2026 Oct 31
    Reference                       : MPC194170

    Classification(s):              : Nearly isotropic; New (a > 10000 AU)

Ephemerides

Date       Time       RA (2000)    DEC (2000)    delta   radius  elong  phase   PA    magn
2026-10-31 00:00 UT   16 44 27.5   -08 34 02    11.907   11.119   35.9    3.0    78   26.4 
2026-11-01 00:00 UT   16 44 48.9   -08 35 38    11.922   11.125   35.1    2.9    77   26.4 
2026-11-01 10:30 UT   16 44 58.2   -08 36 19    11.929   11.128   34.7    2.9    77   26.4 
2026-11-02 00:00 UT   16 45 10.3   -08 37 12    11.937   11.131   34.3    2.9    77   26.4 
2026-11-03 00:00 UT   16 45 32.0   -08 38 45    11.951   11.137   33.4    2.8    76   26.4 
2026-11-04 00:00 UT   16 45 53.7   -08 40 18    11.966   11.143   32.6    2.7    75   26.4 
2026-11-05 00:00 UT   16 46 15.6   -08 41 49    11.980   11.149   31.8    2.7    75   26.5 
2026-11-06 00:00 UT   16 46 37.7   -08 43 20    11.994   11.156   31.0    2.6    74   26.5 
2026-11-07 00:00 UT   16 46 59.8   -08 44 49    12.007   11.162   30.2    2.6    73   26.5 
2026-11-08 00:00 UT   16 47 22.1   -08 46 17    12.020   11.168   29.4    2.5    72   26.5 
2026-11-09 00:00 UT   16 47 44.5   -08 47 44    12.034   11.174   28.6    2.4    71   26.5 
2026-11-10 00:00 UT   16 48 07.0   -08 49 11    12.046   11.180   27.8    2.4    70   26.5 
2026-11-11 00:00 UT   16 48 29.6   -08 50 36    12.059   11.186   27.0    2.3    69   26.5 

    Terminology:
            
    delta:  distance between comet and earth in AU
    radius: distance between comet and sun in AU
    magn:   magnitude (brightness) estimate    
    ra:     right ascension in hours (24h = 360deg)
    dec:    declination in degrees
    elong:  elongation in degrees (angle sun-earth-comet)    
    phase:  phase angle in degrees (angle sun-comet-earth)        
    AU:     Astronomical Unit (mean distance between earth and sun: 149597870.7 km      
    

Orbital elements usually provided by the MPC (Minor Planet Center).
Observations contributed by observers worldwide, via COBS (Comet Observation Database) or the MPC (Minor Planet Center)
Calculations by a modified version of AAPlus, a C# implementation of the AA+ project by PJ Naughter from the algorithms presented in the book "Astronomical Algorithms" by Jean Meeus.
NGC2000 dso catalog and star labels from VizieR as provided by the Strasbourg astronomical Data Center.
Tycho2 catalog from the ESO archive.